Chronic Type A Aortic dissection is a serious condition where a tear occurs in the inner layer of the aorta, the body’s largest artery, allowing blood to flow between the layers of the aortic wall, creating a false channel and potentially leading to life-threatening complications. This condition is classified as a Type A dissection when the dissection involves the ascending aorta, the part closest to the heart. Causes include high blood pressure, genetic conditions, aortic aneurysm, bicuspid aortic valve, and severe chest injuries. Symptoms of chronic dissection may include chest pain, back pain, shortness of breath, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and complications like heart failure or stroke. The diagnosis requires imaging studies to visualize the aorta and confirm the presence of a dissection.
Redo aortic surgery is a complex and high-risk procedure for chronic type A aortic dissection when previous surgery is no longer sufficient or complications arise. The procedure is necessary due to progressive dilation, new tear or dissection, graft complications, and valve issues. Surgical techniques include re-entry, graft replacement or repair, valve surgery, and specialized techniques like circulatory arrest or hypothermia to protect the brain and other organs during the procedure. The patient’s overall health and medical conditions are carefully evaluated to assess their suitability for surgery.
Mr. Omar Ramzi Eskandar Matloob from Iraq successfully underwent Redo Aortic Surgery for Chronic Type A Aortic Dissection at Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, under the supervision of Dr. Vikram Reddy Aerra, Sr. Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon.