What is Bone Marrow Transplant?
Bone marrow transplant is a treatment procedure, which is used to replace the damaged or destroyed blood cells with new healthy blood cells in the body. So, this bone marrow transplant is also called as cell transplant. BMT is used to treat some cancers like leukemia, multiple myeloma, some types of lymphoma and blood related disorders such as thalassemia and anemia.
Bone Marrow is a soft and spongy tissue part of a bone.This bone marrow contains hematopoietic cells, which can turn into different types of blood cells.
Why is bone marrow transplant required?Â
Cell Transplant or Bone Marrow Transplant is mainly used to achieve three tasks Â
- A high dosage of chemotherapy or radiation treatment is used to destroy cancer cells. during this process, healthy blood cells also damaged due to this high radiation. So after cancer therapy the bone marrow transplant is used to replace the damaged cells with new blood cells.
- During chemotherapy procedure apart from cancer cells some healthy blood cells also damages with cell transplant doctors replace these damaged cells with new cells.
- Give new cells, which can help destroy cancer cells directly.
How much does Bone Marrow Transplant cost in India?
The average cost of a Bone Marrow Transplant in India is approximately Rs. 15, 00,000 to 40, 00,000. However, the prices may vary depending upon the hospitals in different cities.
What is the average cost of Bone Marrow Transplant in Hyderabad?
The cost of Bone Marrow Transplant in Hyderabad depends upon multiple factors and ranges from Rs. 15, 00,000 to 35, 00,000.
What are different types of bone marrow transplants?
Three types of bone marrow transplantation procedures are available
Autologous transplant – here blood cells are collected from the patient, frozen and then stored. Usually, this is a pre-chemotherapy process. Based on patient’s condition doctor suggests the perfect time slot to collect these cells from a patient’s body. After chemotherapy or any other radiation processes, the stored cells are gives back to the patient’s body. This process is called rescue transplant.
One can preserved his/her cells in lab for days, months or even years too. Doctors will store them until the patient need those cells for their transplantation.
Allogeneic transplant– In this case doctors collect cells or blood cells from a donor. The donor can be a family member or someone else who doesn’t have any relation to the patient. But this is important to find someone whose bone marrow matches to patient’s marrow.
Umbilical cord blood transplant – This is also similar to allogeneic transplant, but in this case, these cells or bone marrow is collected from a newly born baby. In this process cells are collected from newly born baby’s umbilical cord right after birth. Then cells are frozen and stored until they are required for a transplantation.
After chemotherapy or radiation, these cells are given back to the patient’s bloodstream with a central venous catheter tube. The process is quite similar to blood transfusion, injected blood cells travel from blood to bone marrow. Surgery might not be compulsory for this process.
This Bone Marrow Transplantation is now available in Hyderabad also.Yashoda Hospitals is one of the best bone marrow transplantation hospitals in Hyderabad. With it’s world-class treatment facilities Yashoda Hospitals is one of the best hospital for BMT in India.
Frequently Asked Questions about Bone Marrow Transplant:
What is the success rate of a bone marrow transplant?
The success rate of a bone marrow transplant varies based on the patient’s condition and donor type. Studies show a 5-year survival rate of 60–80%, with higher rates for matched sibling donors and lower rates for unrelated donors. For cancers like multiple myeloma, a 3-year survival rate of around 79% has been reported after stem cell transplants.
What are the indications for a bone marrow transplant?
A bone marrow transplant is recommended for patients with blood cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, as well as conditions like severe aplastic anemia, immune deficiencies, and genetic diseases like thalassemia or sickle cell anemia. It’s used when high-dose chemotherapy or radiation requires restoring healthy blood cell production from a donor’s bone marrow.
What is a bone marrow stem cell transplant?
A bone marrow stem cell transplant, or stem cell transplant, is a procedure that replaces damaged or cancerous bone marrow with healthy stem cells. It aims to treat blood-related conditions like leukemia and lymphoma or aid in recovery from intensive cancer treatments.
When is a bone marrow transplant needed?
A bone marrow transplant may be needed for conditions such as cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma; bone marrow failure due to disease or intensive cancer treatment; blood and immune disorders like aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, and thalassemia; and experimentally for autoimmune diseases.
What precautions should be taken after a bone marrow transplant?
After a bone marrow transplant, it’s important to take precautions to stay healthy. Shower daily to prevent infection and follow your care team’s guidelines. Stick to a neutropenic diet for 100 days, limit sun exposure, and wear sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher. Immunizations may be needed as immunity to diseases like polio, measles, and mumps can decrease for up to four years. Visitors should wash hands and avoid visiting if unwell. Watch for mouth infections, and ensure your diet includes calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium to support bone and immune health.
